Moca test missouri scoring
We hypothesized that the total score on the MoCA would correlate with performances on the other two common cognitive indices as well as quantitative neuroimaging indices. We also examined relationships between performances on the MoCA and regional brain volumes determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In the present study, we examined the relationships between performances on the MoCA and performances on two common clinical measures of overall cognitive status among older adults enrolled in a prospective study of cognitive aging. To our knowledge, no study has examined the relationships between performance on the MoCA and quantitative indices of brain volume. However, limited information is known about the relationships between performance on the MoCA and more comprehensive neuropsychological screens and/or neuroimaging indices. The MoCA has also been recommended as a primary cognitive screen for research protocols. In the past several years, the MoCA has gained traction as a primary clinical screen, with particular relevance for primary care physicians and other healthcare groups that do not specialize in cognitive assessment. Further, the measure has been translated into multiple languages to facilitate global clinical applications ( Wong et al., 2009). In addition to AD, studies have demonstrated the utility of the MoCA in medical populations such as Parkinson's disease ( Hoops et al., 2009), vascular disease ( Popović, Serić, & Demarin, 2007), substance abuse disorders ( Copersino et al., 2009), and brain metastases ( Olson, Chhanabhai, & McKenzie, 2008). Other studies have cross-validated the utility of the MoCA to identify MCI and early AD with similar results ( Luis, Keegan, & Mullan, 2009 Smith, Gildeh, & Holmes, 2007), suggesting the screen has potential clinical utility to assist with the identification of mild impairment and degenerative dementia. In contrast, performance on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE Folstein, Folstein, & McHugh, 1975) identified only 18% of patients with MCI and 78% of individuals with mild AD. In the seminal publication, Nasreddine and colleagues (2005) reported a sensitivity level for MCI and mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) of 90% and 100%, respectively.
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The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was introduced in 2005 as a brief (10 min) screening instrument to assist physicians with the detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI Nasreddine et al., 2005). Mild cognitive impairment, Neuroimaging (structural) Introduction These results suggest that additional studies are needed to define the significance of MoCA scores relative to brain integrity among an older population.
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In contrast, total brain volume correlated significantly with total score on the RBANS. Modest correlations between individual subscales of the MoCA and neuroimaging variables were evident, but no patterns of shared variance emerged between the MoCA total score and neuroimaging indices. The results revealed significant correlations between the total score on the MoCA and total score on the RBANS and MMSE, though the strength of the correlations was more robust between the MoCA and the RBANS. A subset of participants ( N = 69) underwent structural 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to define the volumes of total frontal gray matter, total hippocampus, T2-weighted subcortical hyperintensities (SH), and total brain volume. Participants were administered the MoCA, Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), and the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). The present study examined performances on the MoCA among 111 non-clinical older adults (ages 51–85) enrolled in a prospective study of cognitive aging. To date, limited information is available regarding the neuroimaging signatures associated with performance on the scale, or the relationship between the MoCA and more comprehensive cognitive screening measures. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) screen was developed as a brief instrument to identify mild cognitive impairment and dementia among older individuals.